The impact of hot-carrier effects on circuit performance is also discussed on the basis of mechanisms of hot carriers induced failure.

介绍了热载流子效应与电路拓扑结构及器件参数之间的关系，并在此基础上提出了基本逻辑门的一些抗热载流子加固方法。

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Based on analysis of the principle of substrate current of MOSFETs, a new hot carriers resistant structure of CMOS digital circuits is proposed.

本文在分析MOSFET衬底电流原理的基础上，提出了一种新型抗热载流子退化效应的CMOS数字电路结构。

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When a backward biasing voltage is applied, the thickness of a depletion layer formed is made large, so that generation of hot carriers is minimized.

当施加反向偏置电压时，形成的耗尽层厚度变大，从而使热载流子的产生减到最小。

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That's just the tip of the iceberg, though -- beyond the lack of hot hardware, rural carriers are struggling to find a way to pay for network upgrades that'll get them in line with what the rest of the world's up to.

ENGADGET: Small carriers, spectrum owners band together for 3G and beyond

Apple continues to report widespread and eager adoption of the iPhone among the Fortune 500, while simultaneously expanding the number of countries in which its hot-selling iPhone is available, signing up more carriers, and broadening its retail presence across the globe.

FORBES: Booming Sales of iPhone 5 Drive Apple to #1 in U.S.

Carriers are looking to deploy picocells in dense urban hot spot areas to provide high-speed mobile data service where it is most needed.

FORBES: The Solution For The Bandwidth Shortage? Better Silicon Devices